AI inference glossary
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KV cache offload

Also known as CPU offload, KV offloading

In plain English

KV cache offload parks attention state the chips cannot hold in host memory, so a long session can be resumed instead of recomputed.

Technical definition

KV cache offload moves KV blocks out of accelerator memory into a slower tier, usually host DRAM, and loads them back when a later request reuses that prefix.

Engineering details

Offload is usually a write-through cache: a prefix written to the HBM cache is also written to the slower tier, so it helps most when the offload pool is roughly one and a half to three times HBM capacity. Reloading a long prefix beats recomputing it by a wide margin at agentic context lengths, but the arithmetic reverses for short prompts, where the transfer costs more than the prefill it avoids.

Why it matters

Long agentic sessions exceed HBM KV capacity well before they exceed a plausible DRAM budget, so offload decides how many concurrent conversations stay resumable. It also shifts the bottleneck: once prefixes survive, store and load paths, transfer batching, and index bookkeeping become the costs worth optimizing.

How to read it in InferenceX

InferenceX rings every point that used KV offload with a dashed halo, whether or not it is Pareto optimal, and the point detail view names the offload type and engine alongside the chip and CPU cache hit rates. Offload is an allowed but optional optimization, so a single curve can mix points with and without it.