AI inference glossary
Model architecture

Context window

Also known as context length, max sequence length, long context

In plain English

The context window is the maximum number of tokens a model can consider at once, covering both the input and everything generated so far.

Technical definition

The context window is the maximum sequence length a model supports, bounding the combined token count of prompt, conversation history, retrieved material, and generated output.

Engineering details

Attention lets every token reference earlier tokens, and the KV cache holds state for all of them, so a longer window costs memory and compute that grow with length. Position encoding schemes and training length set the usable window, while serving stacks must budget KV capacity for it. Modern frontier models advertise windows of hundreds of thousands of tokens, but throughput and interactivity degrade as sequences approach those limits.

Why it matters

Long context is what makes coding agents, retrieval heavy pipelines, and document analysis workloads possible, and it is also what makes them expensive to serve. Architectural responses such as sliding window layers, latent attention, and linear attention exist mainly to bend the cost curve of the window.

How to read it in InferenceX

InferenceX covers the window from both directions: fixed sequence scenarios pin input and output lengths such as 8K in and 1K out, while AgentX replays sessions whose contexts grow turn by turn toward realistic agent working sets.