AI inference glossary
Numerical precision

BF16

Also known as bfloat16, brain float 16

In plain English

BF16 is the 16-bit format most models are trained in, and serving in it is the accuracy reference the quantized recipes are measured against.

Technical definition

BF16 is a 16-bit floating point format with the same exponent range as FP32 and a reduced mantissa, widely used for training and as an unquantized serving baseline.

Engineering details

Keeping the FP32 exponent range makes BF16 tolerant of the value distributions that appear in transformer activations, so conversion rarely needs the scaling machinery narrower formats require. The tradeoff is precision rather than range, and the format is twice the size of FP8 and four times that of a 4-bit format.

Why it matters

Its role in a benchmark is usually as a reference point. Weight reads dominate decode, so a BF16 recipe moves far more memory per token than a quantized one and tends to sit lower on the throughput curve while defining the accuracy the others are compared against.

How to read it in InferenceX

InferenceX carries BF16 as a precision key and reports peak BF16 dense throughput per accelerator in the specs pages. Quantized recipes are validated with accuracy evaluations rather than assumed lossless, which is what makes a BF16 comparison meaningful.